Arrangement for the telecontrol of guns or the like



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P. KAMINSK! ARRANGEMENT FOR THE TELECONTROL OF GUNS 0R THE LIKE 5 sheets-she/ev 1 Eiled Aug. 25, 1921 rece/Pers sender AWB 2; w25. l 11,532,754

A 1 P. KAMINSKI ARRANGEMENT FOR THE TELECONTROL OF GUNS OR THE LIKE Filed Aug, 25, 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 7, 1925. 1,532,754

P. KAMINSKI ARRANGEMENT FOR THE TELECONTROL OF GUNS OR THE LIKE Filed Aug, 25, 1921 5 sheets-sheet s lo /lfe re/ays H4 5 April 7, w25. 1,532,754

' P. KAMINSKI ARRANGEMENT FOR THE TELECONTROL OF GUNS OR THE LIKE 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Aug. 25, 1921 prl 7, E925. LSSZS- P. KAMINSKI ARRANGEMENT FOR THE TELECONTROL OF GUNS OR THE LIKE Filed Aug. 25., 1921 5 sheets-sheet 5 Patented pr. 7, 1925.

PAUL KAMI'NSRI, OF BERLIN-PANKOW, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO SIEMENS & HALSKE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, F SIEMENSSTADT, NEAR BERLIN, GERMANY, A. CGRPORA- TION OF GERMANY.

ARRANGEMENT FOR THE TELECONTROL 0F GUNS 0R THE LIKE.

Application'led August 25, 1921. Serial No. 495,290.

the ike, (for which I have iiledapplication inl Germany 28.4.1914, Ser. No. 42065 VIII/21 c; 20.2.1915, R. 41736 VIII/21 c; 4.11.1915, Ser. No. R. 42532 VIII/21; 19.2.1918, Ser. No. S. 47889 XII/72 f; 'Denmark 16.6.20 Ser.v No. 2205/20; 'Holland 23.7.20, Ser. No.

15765; Italy 29.6.20, Ser. No. 291/134; ANorway 22.6.20 Ser No. 20653; Sweden 11.6.20 Ser. No. 2547; Spain'8.7.20, Ser.. No. 955; Japan 6.7.20,l Ser. No. 58482; Argentine, 2.6.21. Ser. N o. 23058, of which the following is a specification.

My invention refersto a signalling arrangement which, by means of telecontroh' permits of an accurate and simultaneous ad- ]ustment of guns of one battery together with all accessory search lights, range finders or the like, rovided that they may be 26 trained by hand) or by machinery, at the same time providing for all individual corrections necessary for practical requirements, whereby inclination and bearing anfrle are adjusted accurately and automaticallay by one sighting device located in a control statlon a certain distance away being directed upon a certain target.

When the sighting device is trained, my apparatus is to control automatically:

(a) the inclination, i. e. the kangle by which the axis'of the search light, range finder, or gun barrel deviates from the horizontal direction in a vertical plane and moreover, in addition, in the case of guns, the ballistic inclination, i. e. the angle between the axis of the barrel and the horizontal plane which is dependent upon the trajectory, to enable the shell to strike the target, keeping in view that the range between the two opponents changes in each minute by a uniform increment or decrement of the distance.

(b) the bearing angle, i. e. the angleV between the axis of the various search lights, range linders, etc. in respect of the horizontal plane and the center line of a land battery, or the keel line of a vessel, while at useful Improvements in Arthe same time taking into account the concentration correction 'depending upon the range prevailing at the time, the bearing angle, and the distance between the indiv1dual controlled .object and the control station and, besides, in the case of guns, the deiection angle required at any moment.

y apparatus, moreover, ensures that the adjustment of the telescopic sight in one direction causing the movements (e. g. the i horizontal direction for the bearing angle) does not produce disturbances or faulty adjustments in another direction, (vertical diyrection'for the inclination). It provides for a safeguard assuring the Guns or search lights being trained upon the target as the sighting device in the control station directs. An additional advanta e of my apparatus is that any desi-red degree of a-ccuracy is attainable for all adjustments.

Broadly speaking, my invention consists of a sighting device or telesco ic sifrht of any known type which in any desire manner, e. g. by means of a hand crank with bevel gear transmission or by a hand lever and arm supports, is movable in the vertical as also in the horizontal plane. This vertical and horizontal movement of the sighting device is transmitted in the known manner by worm gears, spur n'ears toothed segments, or bevel gears, eit er rom the sighting device itself or from the adjusting member of same, each upon one spindle.

From the spindle transmitting the vertical movements I cause electric transmitters to be driven for the remote control of all search lights, range finders, and those sighting devices located in the auxiliary control stations and spotter stands, i. e. for the adjustment of those controlled objects the axis of which in the vertical plane must be parallel to the sighting device in the control station. For this as also for the other long distance transmissions I prefer the following method-of electric transmission.

For increasing the accuracy of adjustment I employ systems for coarse and fine ad'ustment the relative transmission ratio of which may be selected as desired and which move rotors of alternating current systems. Every stator of the transmitters at the control station through which an alternating current drive of the controlled object.

passes, consists of a carbon-silite body or of a body of similar high specific resistance and is suitably made of annular shape. The rotor of the alternating current system which is influenced by the si hting device, if singlephase current is use receives as a voltage divider direct from the stator body by means of three brushes set at an angle of I12() degr. different voltages which are conducted through a three-wire system each to a pair of'groups of receiver systems with which each controlled object is provided for the coarse and ne adjustment. 'One of these groups of systems is an accessory to the hand-operated mechanismwhereas the second one is an accessory to the mechanical The stators of the receiver systems of known and customary type are connected to the same source of alternating current as the stators of the transmitters. The rotors of the receiver systems are coupled to the three-Wire systems of the accessory transmitter rotor. For this reason they always move through the 'same angular amount in respect of their stator, through which the transmitter rotors for coarse and fine adjustment travel in respect of their stators. The advantage of this arrangement is that during the switchingover of the transmitter from the control station upon an auxiliary station, all receivers follow instantly and that the receiver systems are not fitted with stepped contacts to be closed the one after the others which, during prolonged usage, lead to faulty operation and disturbances owing to wear, whereas the carbon-silite ring in the stator of the transmitter gives the assurance that the voltage is always takenv off uniformly which increases the accuracy of the lant. In case a multi-phase current source o supply is used, it isA obvious that the voltage of the transmitter stator may be taken oil' by means of two brushes. One lead in the three-wire system of the rotors could thereby be done away with.

The receiver rotors of the coarse and fine adjustment provided for the hand operation of the controlled object move one pointer each which is located above a graduated scale. The movement of the controlled object adjusted by hand operation is either effected direct from the said object or from the driving gear of same, again in any desired manner` e. g. by spur gears, .toothed segments, bevel gears, or worms in the same relative ratio as the coarse and fine adjustment of the transmitter thereby mechanically turning a second spindle mounted loose upon the axle of the pointer, this spindle moving a second so-called following pointer. This following pointer is suitably constructed in such a way that its point is opposed to the point of the first described pointer, the accuracy of adjustment thus being greater than if two superposed pointers were being used.

The rotors of the groups of receiver sys- A tems for vcoarse and fine adjustment for 'the mechanical drive are provided with contacts which during the movement of the rotors touch two further contacts. These said counter contacts are fastened to correspondingly designed following pointers of the receiver systems. Whenever a rotor contact touches one of the two counter contacts, different circuits are closed depending upon the direction of movement of the rotor whereby, either directly or indirectly, a different movement is Aimparted to the mechanical driving arrangement of the controlled object. The controlled object or the driving arrangement of the same in turn move the following pointers of the coarse and fine adjustment which carry the counter contacts as described above, so that after the I desired adjustment is completedfthe contacts will open again owing to the subsequent turning of the following pointer, whereby the circuit is interrupted and the driving machine of the controlled object is brought to a standstill. Depending upon the coupling of the object to be controlled for either hand or mechanical operation, the corresponding group of receiver systems is being used.

This principle of remote control transmission forms the essential basis of all electrical equipments of my apparatus. For this reason I shall now only point out in how far I deviate yfrom this customary arrangement.

As,the axis of the gun should not be parallel to the axis of the sighting device but deviates from this direction by the amount of the ballistic inclination. I conduct the spindle for thetransmissiou of the vertical movement of the sighting device for the remote control of the guns to a differential gear which adds the construction of this ballistic inclination to the original movement of the spindle. As the alteration of the distance per minute between two opponents is ascertained by the range finders and plotting tables in yards ner minute whereas the ballistic inclination as an angular-value increases more rapidly than the linear value of the range, I employ for the conversion of the uniform velocity of `the alteration of the range into the ununiform velocity of the alteration of the ballistic inclination an apparatus essentially similar to the one described in the American Patent No. 951,725. I prefer to employ as driving friction disc. In this manner the radii of both discs are made use of for the variation of the transmission ratio. The friction wheel itself is made slidable and its position may be read olf by means of a pointer located above a scale divided into variations of range per minute. The spindle upon which the second friction disc is mounted is connected to a third spindle through the intermediary of a selective forward-back-A ward coupling transmitting the movement in two opposite directions as desired, in order to obtain the various directions of movements for increasing or decreasing the range. This third spindle is provided with an additional differential coupling permitting of adding such corrections as may be found necessary during shoot-ing, and turns a cylinder the surface of which is itted with a curve-shape groove whose section corresponds to the ununiform increase of the.

ballistic inclination. As these curves are individually' different for each caliber and charge of gun powder, this cylinder is rendered easily exchangeable. A toothed rack engages the groove of the cylinder by means of a pin. As described above, this rack adjusts those transmitters for coarse and fine adjustment which are to transmit the vertical movements of the sighting devices from the control stat-ion to the guns.

The'mechanical drive of the following pointers of the receiver groups for hand operation I derive from the adjusting device of the gun telescope, but for the receiver groups of the mechanical drive I derive this from the driving engine of the gun proper.

However, in this case as also in the arrangements to be described subsequently it is obvious that I may also cause both receiver groups to act upon the gun telescope or also. both groups upon the gun itself; it is likewise obvious that I might also confine myself to only one single group of receivers for coarse or fine adjustment either for hand or for mechanical operation.

With some apparatus, such as range finders or with the machine adjusting the inclination very little space is as a rule available so that a good view of the following pointers, which turn through an entire circle of 360 degr. is difficult to obtain owing to the confined space. In order, to limit the field of vision in such cases, I do not cause the following pointers or counter contacts to be turned by the hand or mechanical operation of the controlled object but the stators of the receiver systems turned to follow after, the following pointers or counter contacts being placed as fixed marks or as stationary contacts on a well visible place of the installationas for instance on the apparatus wall of the receiver casing.

For the transmission of the bearing angle the essential advantage of my invention consists in the accurate construction of the correct concentration correction for every value of range and for any desired bearing angle.

If the sighting device of the control station properis placed in'the center line of the land battery or in the centerline of a vessel which only possess objects to be adjusted located along the centerline such as turrets, the value of the concentration correct-ion ruling for the time being is proportional to the distance of the object to he adjusted from the sighting device in the control station, the value of the range and the sine of the bearing angle. The value of the distance of the various objects to be adjusted from the sighting device of the control station I take into account with my apparatus by means of differentiated transmission ratios in the bevel gear drives, the changing value of the range by altering` the length of a lever arm and the sine of the bearing angle byv means of a so-called sinelink-motion. By sine-link-motion I yunderstand a link motion of rectangular or T-shape one beam of which is provided with a slot in which a pivot slides, describing a circular turningmovement. The link motion can only slide in the direction of the other beam of the T," the latter beam being designed as a toothed rack from which the motion is derived and conducted away.

However, if the sighting device of the control station is in addition also projecting laterally from the center line of a land battery or if on board the ship of the objects to be adjusted and the sighting device of the con- Atrol station are not placed in line, it will be necessary to take into account also this lateral distance between the sighting device and the objects to be adjusted. In this case I employ the method described iu my patent specification No. 439,649, filed Jau. 2l, 1921.

In order to prevent some remote controlled objects, e. g. the turrets of heavy guns on a war vessel, during the slewing of the sighting device in the control station turning without the control being operated whereby they might collide with other objects which may happen to be standing on deck thus causing damage, Ixdesign the electric remote control system for such object somewhat diiferently as will be described more in detail in the explanation of the drawings.

As for the transmission of the vertical as also of the horizontal movement of the sighting device in the control station it is necessary that xcd spur gears or toothed segments must be in permanent engagement with a gear wheel or the like, fastened to the support of the apparatus, and as both movements must be transmitted through the center pivot of the apparatus, a movement of the sighting device in a purely horizontal direction would also canse the spur gears of the vertical direction to rotate. to eliminate any faults caused thereby, I

. use on the transmitter as also on the reelectric transmission I prefer to use for my invention, and Figs. 5, 6 and 7 show the dierent kinds of the receiving members.

The drawings do not show the actual size of the various parts but the dimensions are selected in such a manner that the Working of the various parts may be seen as" clearly as possible.

I shall now first describe by means of Fig. 1 how my apparatus acts up to the various electric transmitters. The transmission of the horizontal movement shall be described first. The telesdope 1 is attached to the spindle 2 which finds its bearings in the brackets 3. These brackets 3 are provided with arms 4 by means of which the apparatus may be slewed conveniently. The brackets 3 are fastened to the plate 5 which, through the hollow pivot 6 is rigidly connected to the gear wheel 7. Ihe hollow1 pivot 6 rests in a ball bearing which is not shown on the drawing, which is contained in the housing of the apparatus, likewise not shown on the drawing and bolted rigidly to the vessel. The movement of the gear wheel 7 is transmitted through the gear wheel 8 upon the shaft 9 which again is rotatably supported in the housing of the apparatus. The shaft 9 carries a worm 10 which is connected to the worm gear 11 and, thereby, carries the rotor 12 of the coarse transmitter g1. This coarse transmitter conveysits indications to search lights, range finders, and telescopes located near the sighting device l, which therefore only require a very small concentration correction, which only is imparted to each individual object by the line transmitters.

I shall now describe how the concentration is produced. On the shaft 9 is mounted a gear wheel 13 which engages a gear wheel 14. The reducing ratio between gear wheel 7 and gear wheel 8 is the same as between the lwheels 13 and 14 so that gear wheel 14 executes the same movements as gear wheel 7. The gear wheel 14 is fixed -to a hollow spindle 15 which can turn in ball In order bearings contained in the stationary apparatus housing, neither lball bearings nor housing being shown on the drawing. The lower end of the spindle 15 is provided with a bracket projecting at right angles in which latter the rotatable spindle 17 is mounted. The bevel gear 18 is fixed to the shaft 17 and is in connection with the spindle 20 through the intermediary of the bevel gear 19. p The spindle 20 is supported in the interior of the shaft 15, its upper end carrying a bevel gear 21, which engages a bevel gear 22. This bevel gear 22 is turned by means of the hand crank 23 which is supported on the pedestal 24, the latter being bolted rigidly to the plate 5. The shaft connecting the crank 23 with the gear wheel 22 is provided with a drum 25 which is gauged .according to the distance of the target. The range ascertained by the range finder is set on this drum by turning the crank 23, the spindle 17 being thus turned on its axis via the said intermediate gear..

By slewing the sighting device 1 and the plate 5 the spindle 17 is not turned around its axis butv is slewed round the center of the shaft 20 via the intermediate gear 7 8, 13, 14. When the spindle 17 turns on its axis, the nut 26 is caused to slide uponvit, this nut engaging with a pin 27 a slot in the link motion 28. At right angles to its slot the link 28 carries a toothed rack 29. The link 28,-a so-called sinelink,-is supported in the apparatus casing (not shownl in such a manner that it can slide only in longitudinal direction of the toothed rack 29. If the pin 27 describes a full circle by slewingthe sightingdevice 1, the link will move according to the sine function of the bearing angle because the perpendicular cosinefunction is compensated by the free play of the pin 27 in the slot of the link 28. The actual movement of the rack 29 must be all the greater the further the nut 2G is moved away from the center of the shaft 2O by the turning of the crank 23. .As by means of the crank 23 the distance of the target is adjusted on the drum 25, the movement of the rack 29 is dependent upon the value of the bearing angle and the range of the target. Two of the three values comprising the concentration correction are thus already produced.

I shall now describe how I construct the third function of the concentration correction namely, the distance of the controlled object from the sighting device 1 and, at thelsame time, how I adjust the fine systems of search lights, range finders, telescopes, etc. which are not coupled to guns. In the toothed rack 29 engages the gear wheel 3() which is fast upon the shaft 31. The shaft 31 is again supported in the apparatus casing which is not shown on the.

drawing. On the shaft 31 is mounted the bevel gear 32 which with the bevel gear 33 turns the rotor 34 of the fine system f1. Also the shaft of this rotoiI 34 is supported in the apparatus casing. By the reducing ratio of the bevel gears 32, 33 I take intoaccount the distance of the controlled object from the sighting device 1. The movement of the rotor 34 thus represents the value of the concentration correction required for a certain controlled object. The bearing angle itself I transmit upon the fine system f, through the bevel gear 35 fastened upon the shaft 9 which, through the bevel gear 36 turns the shaft 37 supported in the apparatus casing, this shaft being rigidly connected to the stator of the fine system f1. The turning of the stator thus represents the value of the bearing angle, the turning of the rotor the value of the concentration correction. The further electrical transmission will be described laten In the drawing I have only shown one single fine system for search lights, range finders, and telescopes which are not coupled to guns. However, it is obvious that each object is provided with its own fine system and that the value of the distance of each controlled object from the sighting device must be taken into account by different reducing ratios of the wheels 32, 33. The coarse systems, on the other hand may be the same for several controlled objects. If the controlled objects are located close to the sighting device, I connect their coarse receivers to the coarse transmitter g, already described. If, however, the distance of the controlled object from the sighting device exceeds a certain limit, the concentration correction of an object may become unduly great. Thus, if on the controlled objects the pointers and following pointers of the ine systems fitted with concentration correction are maintained so as to register, the coarse systems. containing no concentration correction will no longer register. For this reason I connect the further removed coarse systems to a coarse transmitter containing a mean concentration correction. To this cti'ect the upper end of the shaft 31 is provided with a worm 38 which turns the worm gear 39. This movement is transmitted via the planetary gear 40 supported in the apparatus casing upon the shaft 41 (likewise Supported in the apparatus casing) which imparts to the rotor 42 of the coarse transmittel* gy., a concentration correction in the reducing ratio of the wheels 38, 39. The value of the bearing angle is imparted to the coarse transmitter g2 from the gear wheel 14 via the intermediate gears 43, 44, 45, 46, which are all supported in the apparatus casing, and through the planetary gear 40.

I shall now describe how I transmit the deflection angle to the transmitters of the.

guns: The lefthand shaft 9 on the drawing by which the value of the bearing angle 1s constructed, transmits its movement via the bevel gear 47 upon the planetary gear 48 and thus upon the shaft'49 supported in the apparatus casing. As already described, this shaft again turns through the bevel gears 35', 36; 35, 36, the stators of the fine transmitters of Several guns, of which only two, f2 and f3, are represented in the drawing. The rotors 50 'and 51 of these line transmitters are, as described above, turned by the reducing gears 53, 54, corresponding to the different distances of the guns from the sighting device. In order, now,'to transmit the detiection angle upon these transmitters, I turn the crank supported in the apparatus casing. -In doing so, I turn the shaft 57 supported in the apparatus casing via the drive 56, which transmits this movement through the gear Wheels 58, 59 and the bevel gear 60 upon the planetary gear 48 and thus upon thea shaft 49. The shaft 57 carries a worm 61 which, by means of the worm gear 62 turns the shaft 63 supported in the casing of the apparatus. This shaft 63 turns on the one hand through two bevel gears, the pointer 64 located above a scale 65 divided into units of the deflection angle; on the other hand it turns the rotor 66 of the transmitter d, which transmits the value of the deiiection to the telescopes of the guns and to range finders and search lights which are coupledto guns, so that these objects moved together With the guns may be set back by the value of the deflection angle. It will be clear that I obtain a coarse transmitter for the guns which; ycontains the deflection angle and the mean value of the concentration correction, provided that the bevel gears 35, 36 are replaced by Worm and worm wheels as 10, 11 on the upper shaft 9, and the bevel gears 54 by worm and worm Wheels like 38` 39 on the upper end of the shaft 31. For this reason I have not shown this specially on the drawing. However, if a specially high degree of accuracy is to be attained also for the coarse system, I combine the movements of the shafts 49 and 31 through bevel gears 35' and 36', and the reducing ratio 67 upon the planetary drive 68 and thus upon the shaft 69 supported in the apparatus casing. Through the worin 70 and the Worm gear 71 the shaft 69 turns the shaft 72 of the rotor of the coarse transn'iitter f7, and through the bevel drive 73 thc sha tt. 74 of the fine transmitter f4.

I shall now describe how I transmit the vertical movements of the sighting device 1 upon the electric transmitters,` i. e. first upon the-range Finders, search lights, and the like. The sighting device 1 is moved With the shaft 2 by moving the hand lever 7 5 in vertical direction. Fixed upon the shaft 2 is the toothed segment 76 which,

via gear wheel, .turns the shaft 77 sup' ported in the apparatus casing and thenceupon the shaft 84, likewise supported in,

the apparatus casing. From this shaft I transmit the movement, as has already been described, through a worm drive upon the coarse transmitter g5 and through a bevel gear drive, upon the fine transmitter f5. If the sighting device l were kept upon the horizon by means of the hand lever 75, the sighting device being at the same time slewed round in the horizontal plane, the shaft 79 together with its bevel gear 80 would also be turned during this slewing motion. The gear wheel 81, beingcontained in the apparatus casing which adjusts the transmitters for the vertical movements, must also turn during a slewing of the sighting device in a horizontal plane. This turning would lead to faulty adjustment of the transmitters for the Vertical movement, and I shall now describe how I overcome this difficulty. From the gear wheel 7 I again lead off the slewing motion by means of a gear wheel which turns the shaft 86 supported in the apparatus casing. The shaft 86 carries a worm 87 which over the worm gear 88, the hollow spindle 89 and the bevel gear 90, acts upon the planetary gear 83. The reducing ratio between the worm 87 and the worm gear 88 I select such that for every revolution, of the bevel gear 82 caused by the slewing of the sighting device 1, the bevel gear 90 will make one revolution in opposite direction, so that the slewing motion is not transmitted upon the shaft 841 For imparting to the transmitters for the guns also the ballistic inclination, I employ an arrangement which I will now describe: m represents a small alternating current electric motor attached to the apparatus casing of uniform speed or any desired clock movement turning the shaft 91 upon which the friction disc 92 is mounted rigidly. This friction disc acts over the friction pulley 93 together with a second friction disc 94. This friction pulley 93 can turn freely with the shaft 95 which is rotatably mounted in the apparatus casing in such a manner that it can slide, its upper end being provided with a screw thread. With this thread the shaft 95 engages an internal thread of the bevel gear 96, which is supported in the apparatus casing rotatably but not slidably so that the turning of this bevel gear 96 raises or lowers the shaft 95 and thereby, the friction roller 93. The bevel gear 96 is now turned through the bevel gear 97, the shaft 98, and

100'and 101 the the crank 99, which are all supported in the apparatus casing. The shaft 98 turns at the same time through the gear wheels ointer 102 which moves over a scale 103 fixed to the casing. The scale 103 is divided into yards per minute. By adjusting a certain value on this shaft I alter the position of the friction roller 93 relative to the friction discs 92 and 94 and thereby the transmission ratio of the rotorpm relative to the subsequent parts of the apparatus. upon a hollow shaft 104, which can slide axially upon the shaft 105 supported in the apparatus casing. A projection 106 of this shaft 105, however, engages a slot in the shaft 104, so that every revolution of the shaft 104 is transmitted upon the shaft 105. By the spring 107 the friction disc 94 is pressed against the friction roller 93. Also the shaft 91 of the other friction disc 92 may be designed in the same manner. With a bevel ear the shaft 105 engages a forward-bac ward coupling known in engineering science. On the shaft 108, which can turn freely in the apparatus casing, the two bevel gears 109 and 110 are mounted. These bevels cannot slide in axial direction because they are kept in position by a shoulder on the shaft 108 and-both carry sharp ratchet teeth on the inner side. Slidable in axial direction on the shaft 108 is mount-` ed the coupling sleeve 111 which is provided with two toothed ratchet faces. It is connected to the sha-ft by a finger whereby it is compelled to follow each turning of the shaft 108. Forked round a ring in the coupling sleeve 111 the hand lever 113 engages which can turn on the fulcrum 112. y

According to whether the hand lever 113 is turned up or down, I can couple the shaft 108 either with the bevel gear 109 or with the bevel 110 running in opposite direction whereby I obtain the reversal of the movement of the motor m for either increasing or decreasing the range. The lower end of the shaft 108 is provided with a bevel 114 which, through the planetary gear 115 acts upon the shaft 116 supported in the apparatus casing and which transmits 'its movement upon the gear wheel 119 through the gear wheel 118 and the intermediate gear 117. The gear wheel 119 is fastened upon a shaft 120 supported in the apparatus casing which, at its upper end carries an exchangeable cylinder 121 having a groove cut into it which corresponds to the individual ballistic inclination. In orderl to make the position of this cylinder visible, I transmit its movement from the bevel gear' 123 mounted on the shaft 120, upon the bevel 'gear 124 and thence, by means of further bevel gears upon the pointer 125 which moves overa scale 126 divided into yards. Moreover, in order to permit of The friction disc 94 is mounted.

altering the range directly during the firing without having to alter the speed of the friction drive 91, 92, 93, I have provided the crank 127 supported in the apparatus casing which, over the bevel gears 128 and 129, acts upon the planetary gear 115. In this manner I can alter at any time the value of the range by any desired amount.

In the ununiformly shaped groove 122 of the cylinder 121 which converts the uniformly altering range into the ununiformly altering ballistic inclination a pin 130 engages which is fastened to .the toothed rack 131 sliding up and down in the apparatus casing. This toothed rack 131 turns the gear wheel 132 and, through its shaft supported in the apparatus casing, the bevel gears 133. Through a further shaft supported in the apparatus casing and further bevel gears 134 this movement is now transmitted upon the planetary gear 135 which on the other side is influenced by the shaft 84. The planetary gear 135 turns the shaft 136 which, as has already been described several times, moves the coarse transmitter gs and the fine transmitter f6 of the guns through the intermediary of worm and bevel gear.

After having thus described how I transmit the movements of the sighting device upon the various transmitters, I shall now explain according to which fundamental principle I effect the electric transmission from the transmitter to the receivers. The principle of this transmission is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 2.

In the known manner the fields 153 of the receivers are connected in parallel to the transmitter stator a which is supplied with alternating current at the terminals 151 and 152. The transmitter armature b can turn on its axle 154 and in the custom` ary manner, takes with its contact brushes 155, 156, 157 voltages of different magnitudes, corresponding toits angular position, from the stator a. which is designed as a voltage divider. According to my present invention, this stator oifers an uninterrupted contact surface to the current collectors and consists of silite-carbon or other material of similarly high specific resistance. The diti'erent potentials are conducted in the known manner through the lines 158, 159, 160 to the receiver armatures c, c rotatable on the axles 161 and 162, through three pairs ot' contact brushes each, 163, 164, 165, 163', 164', 165. The voltage thus impressed upon the receiver armatures causes a current to How as long as the receiver positions do not yet register with the position of the transmitter. This current induces a magnetic field in the receivers which moves the receivers into a position corresponding to the position of transmitter armature. According to their adjustment they are kept in this position by the pressure being maintained.

If the arrangement is employed for multi-phase current, the leading-in of the supply current at the transmitter and of the field current at the receiver may be effected in the known manner Aat several points, e. at three terminals placed at an angle of 120 degr. apart. In this case the current is best collected at the transmitter by two contact brushes located opposite each other.

I shall now explain how I employ thisv a manner as I shall describe by reference to Fig. 3.

In Fig. 3, one of the coarse transmitters shown in Fig. lis represented by g, the ne transmitter shown in Fig. 1 being represented by f. The stators of the trans# mitters a and all of the receivers are located in one common alternating current circuit. This alternating current is supplied to the rotatable stator of the tine transmitter through slip rings in the knownmanner. The rotors of the coarse transmitters are connected to the two rotors of the coarse receivers and the rotors of the tine transmitters to the two rotors of the line receivers through a three-wire system as has been described in connection with Fig. 2. The'upper part of the Fig. 3 serves for the hand operation and the lower part for the mechanical operation. By turning a hand crank 501, the shaft 502 supported in a ixed part ot' the vessel, isv

turned, the end of this shaft carrying a worm 503 which engages a controlledobject, thus moving it. At the same time the shaft 502 turns the gear wheel 506 through the hevel gears 504. and 505, the gear wheel 506 engaging a gear wheel 507. Fixed to the gear wheel 507 is the following point r 508. The gear wheel 507 turns freely upon the shaft 509 whichcarries the real pointer1 510, and which is moved from the rotor of the receiver E1, by means of the electric telecontrol described. The design of the coarse receiver G, is the same as that of the fine receiver El, the only difference being that the drive of the following pointer is effected through a worm and worm gear instead of through bevel gears. If the man in charge of the plant maintains the following pointer so as to register with the pointer by turning the hand crank 501, he transmits atthe same time to the controlled object the desired movement through the worm 503 which engages the adjusting mechanism of the controlled object.

The arrangement represented inthe lower part of Fig. 3 serves for the mechanical operation.

On the shafts of the armatures of thel receivers Gg, E2 contacts 520, 520 are provided, of which Contact 520 is connected with the current supply wire 521 and, when adjusting the receiver armatures, will be brought into connection with other contacts Z, fr, or Z, 7" arranged upon discs 522, 522 respectively turning freely on the rotor shaft, whereby the circuit of the motor 523 will become closed according to the direction of revolution of the receiver armatures.

The motor 523 is employed for adjusting the objects by the worm 503 corresponding tothe worm 503, said motor being cut into circuit forl coarse adjustment by means of the relays R4, R5 actuated by the receiver G2, and for fine adjustment by means of the relays R6, R7 actuated by the receiver E2. The relays Re and R7 do not operate when the relays R4 and R5 are bein excited, since their exciting circuits are roken at the armature contacts 524: and 525, respectively. When operating the motor 523 for fine adjustments a series resistance w1 is cut into circuit by means of the working Contact 526 or 5'27Aof the operating relay R6 or R7, respectively, with a view to reducing the number of revolutions of the motor 523 the stationary exciting windings of which are permanently connected with the current supply lines 521, 528. In the normal positions of the relay armatures the motor armature 523 is preferably shortcircuited by means of the contacts 519 and 530 over the resistance wg. In addition an eddy current brake may be provided the magnet of which is energized in the circuit 521, 524, 525, a', 531, 532, 528 after all relays have been deenergized.

Together with the object to be adjusted by the motor 523 the discs 522, 522 are rotated by suitable gears T, Z, Y until the contacts 520, l, or 520, and 520 Z', or 520', 0" respectively, are interrupted and the motor is stopped accordingly.

vInstead of the relays R other switch gears may be used. If a motor is used for both kinds of adjustment the number of revolutions may be lreduced by the eddy current brake, the magnet X of which is directly connected with the source of current by the conduit 533, short circuiting the contacts 532, 531 as shown by dotted lines.

Between the hand operation and the mechanical operation of all controlled objects In the drawing I confine myself to 'one sin-` gle kind of transmitter, e. g, the coarse system, because the working of the line system will remain exactly similar to the working of the coarse system as with the arrange ment shown in Fig. 3.

As generally with apparatus serving for the adjustment of the vertical movements very little space is available, but as on the other hand, the adjustment of a following pointer moving through an angle of 360 degr. necessitates a comparatively large field of vision, I connect with these plantsthe stator of the ,receiver 600 with. the gear wheelv which usually carries the following pointer and, instead, I fit the following pointer hitherto used vas a fixed mark, for instance, to the Wall of the apparatus. Thus, by turning the hand crank, the angle setat the transmitter by shifting the rotor relative to the stator is adjusted at the receiver byshifting the stator relative to the rotor. The lower portion of Fig. 4 shows the corresponding arrangement for the mechanical operation. The conductor 521 is the same as that in Fig.` 3. The lines branching off from the terminals 7 and l, as in Fig` 3 to the control relays and Y represents the retracing worm shown in Fig. 3.

By reference to Fig. 5 I shall now describe how I combine the vertical and horizontal movements on a un.

By turning the'hand wheel 201 the gun is turned sideways through the intermediary of the bevel gears 202, 203, the spur gear 204, and the toothed segment 205 connected to the retable part of the gun carriage 206, the desired adjustment being effected by means of telecontrolled receivers 211 and 218 with a following pointer. For training the gun vthe toothed segment 210 carrying the following pointer 212 for the coarse transmitter 211 is made to register through the worm 209 with telecontrolled pointers in the same manner as the toothed segment carrying the following pointer 217 for the fine system 218 is made to register over the bevel gears 213, 2111 and the driving gear 215 respectively.

The adjustment of the inclination is effected by the inclination wheel 219 through the bevel gears 220, 221, the bevel gear 241, the planetary gear 242, the spur gear 223, the toothed 'rim 224, turning freely upon the lrotatable part of the gun carriage 206, the

toothed rim 224 connected rigidly to the other toothed rim .224, the spur gear 225, bevel gears 226, 227, 228, 229, spur gear 231,

would produce an unintentional deviationy between pointer and following pointer of the inclination adjustment.

.According to the present invention this deviation is compensated. by the insertion of the following transmission members. During the lateralturning of the gun, the driving gear 253, the bevel gears 254, 255, the worm 256, the worm gear 257, and the bevel gear 258 are moved along at thesame time `Thereby the planetary gears 242, 2,58 are moved with the same velocity in such a way that they roll oit' upon one another. For this reason the following pointers for the adjustment of the inclination are not effected. j

If into the drives for the lateral adjustment aiid for the inclination a known ty e of friction coupling is to be connected, t ie arrangement is preferably made according to Fig. 6.

The lateral adjustment of the gun is effected by turning the hand wheel 301 and by transmitting the movement through the bevel ears 302, 303, and the s ur gear 304 upon the toothed rim 305 whic 1 is connected to the rotatable part 306 of the gun carriage in such a way as by a known type of friction coupling) t at it is permitted to give relative to the gun carriage in caseof shocks or jolts. In order to permit of training the gun accurately notwithstanding this friction coupling, a toothed rim 307 is rigidly connected to the rotatable portion of the j guncarriage which transmits its move- 328 with its worm gear 329, the slip ment through the driving gear 308, the worm' drive 309, 310 upon the `following pointer 312 of the coarse system 311 or, respectively through the bevel gears 313, 314, the spur gear 315, the toothed rim 316 upon the following pointer 317 of the fine system 318. The adjustment. of the inclination is done by means of the hand wheel 319 and is transmitted upon the gun barrel through the bevel gears 320, 321, the spur gear 323 on the toothed rim 324 turning freely upon the gun carriage, the spur gear 325, the bevel gears 326, 32:, the worm coupling 330, the spur gear 331 and the toothed segment 332. As the slip coupling 330 may be adjusted, e. g. while a shot is being nient of the toothe fired, the adjustment of the following pointers for the inclination is done as follows: The spur gear 331 located behind the slip coupling and engaging the toothed segment carries on its axle the driving gear 334. 'lhis transmits its movement to the driving gear 335, the bevel gears 336, 337, the spur gear 338, andthe toothed rim 339 turning freely on the gun carriage, the driving gear 340, the bevel gear 341, the planetary gear 342, the worm 343, the worm gear 347 and, fastened* to the latter, the ollowing pointer` 345 for the coarse system 346 or, respectively, bevel gears 347, 348, driving gear 349, toothed rim 350 and, fastened to the latter the following ointer 351 for the ne system 352. Accor ing to the present invention the effect of the lateral adjustment upon the adjustment of the inclination is conpensated by the moverim 307 mounted rigidly to the rotatable portion 306 of the gun carriage being transmitted upon the bevelv gear 358 through the spur gear 353, the bevel gears 354, 355, the worm 356 and the worm gear 357. The effect of this arrangement is' that with unchanging range but. with changing lateral direction the planctary gear 342 turns freely on its spindle thus neither turning this nor the position of the following pointers 345, 351.

I shall now describe the arrangement which I preferably use foi` the slewing of heav guns:

With the example shown in Fifg. 7, 401 and 402 represent the coarse and ne indicators res ectively, of the receivers of a telecontrol ed system. According to the position of these indicators 401, 402 the adjustment of the un 403 is effected by the movement of the and wheel 404. By the movement of this hand Wheel 404 the following pointer 419 is made to register with the pointer 401 of the coarse system through the intermediary of bevel gears 405, 406, shaft 408, coupling 410, 411', controllable through the bracket 409, shaft 412, bevels 413, 414, worm 415, worm rear 416, and spur gear 417. Or respectiv the following pointer 424 may be made to register with the pointer 402 of the fine system through the bevels 420, 421, and the spur gears 422, 423. At the same time the movement of the hand wheel 404 is transmitted from the shaft 412 through the bevels 425, 426, shaft 427, bevel gear 428, and planetary gears 429, 430. These latter gears are mounted loosely on transverse shaft 431, which in turn is fixed midway between its ends to shaft 432, so that this portion of the drive forms a system of planetary gears. Through shaft 432 the transmission continues to the worm 433, the worm wheel 434,` the shaft 435, the bevel gears 436, 437, the shaft 438 upon the control member 439 for the coarse adjustment,

or respectively, from 'the shaft 432 directly upon the control member 440 for the fine adjustment. The control members 439 and 440, in the example represented in the drawing, move over contact discs fitted with annular slip rings 441 and 442 respectively, and with semi-circular contact rlngs 443, 444, and 445, 446 respectively. The semicircular contact rings are connected to relays 447, 448, 449, 450. These relays act in a known manner, e. g. as described in the Fig. 3, upon switches through which the direction of motion'of the drive of the motors 451, 452 is controlled. The movement of the motors 451,452 is transmitted through a differential gear 453, 454, 455, the shaft 456, the worm 457, the worm gear 458, the bevel gear 459, planetary gear 460 the shaft 461, the bevel gears 462, 463, the shaft 464, the worm 465, and the worm rim 466 upon the rotatable portion 467 of the gun carriage of the gun 403. The rotatable portion 467 of the gun carriage, moreover, is provided with a toothed rim 468 which transmits the adjusting movement of the gun 403 through the spur gear 469, th'e bevel gears 47 0, 471, the shaft 472, the bevel gears 470, 471, the shaft. 472, the bevel gears 473, 474, the hollow spindle 475, and the bevel gear 476 upon the planetary gears 429, 430. In this mannerthe control members 439, 440 are moved back into the switching-out position through the shaft of the planetary gear 431 and connected thereto, the shaft 432.

If in the example shown in the drawing a fault occurs in the driving motors 452,

451, for the gun 403 to be controlled or if the current supply to the motors is in any way interrupted, it is possible, by

v switching-over the bracket 409, to effect the adjustment by hand. In this case the movement of the hand Wheel 404 is transmitted through the bevel gears 405, 406, the coupling 477, 478, the Vshaft 479, the worm 480, the worm gear 481, the bevel gear 482, the planetary gear 460, shaft 461, bevel gears 462, 463, shaft 464, worm 465, the worm gear 466, directly upon the rotatable portion 467 of the gun carriage. As in this case the coupling parts 410, 411 are not in engagement with each other, the turning of the following pointers 419 and 424 respectively must be eli'ected by another method. This is done from the toothed rim 468 of the gun carriage 467 over the s ur gear 469, the bevels 470, 471, the shaft 472, the bevel gears 473, 474, the hollow spindle 475, and the bevel gear 476 upon the planetary gears 429, 430. The splndle 431 of these planetary 429, 430 is arranged in a ring 483 which, during the adjustment of the gun by hand is kept in position by a brake block 484 connected with the bracket v409. Inr this case the shaft 431 cannot turn round the axis 432 connected to the former and standing at right angle. For this reason the movement of the bevels 426, 425, 413, 414, the worm 415, the worm gear 416, the spur gears 417, 418 are transmitted 'l0 upon the following pointer 419 of the coarse system, or respectively, through bevel gears 420, 421, spur gears 422, 423 upon the following pointer 424 of the fine system. The moving-over of the bracket 409 is only possible, if the switch parts are in the switching-out position. In order to make sure of this, a blocking magnet 485 has been provided, which acts upon the adjusting lever 486 for the coupling bracket 409 in such 30 a manner that the lever 468 can only be moved when all relay circuits are dead. Instead of the blocking magnet 485 it is obvious that any other kind of blocking arrangement may be provided which only permits of moving-over the bracket 409, if on the one hand, the gun, or respectively the driving gears in engagement with it, and on the other hand, the following pointer and, respectively, the driving gears in en- 9 I gagement with it, have the same position.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my sai-d invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is 1. In a Asignalling device for the electric remote control and transmission of movements, a sighting device in a control station rfor the remote control of guns, search lights, range finders, telescopic sights, or the like, 190 which are trained either by hand or b mechanical power, on a follow the polnter principle,-means for transmitting the vertical movements of said sighting device by electrical transmitters located inthe control 106 station and electrical receivers placed on the controlled objects direct upon the receivers of search lights, range finders, or telescopes (not coupled with the guns), means for transmitting to the receivers on the guns the 110 same vertical movements of the said sighting device in the control station and to impart to these receivers on the gu-ns at the same time an additional movement corresponding to the ballistic inclination'involved 115 by the distance of the target prevailing at the time,-means for converting concurrently during this aforementioned operation the uniform alteration of the range into the ununiform alteration of the ballistic inclination,-in combination with means for transmitting the horizontal movements of the said sighting device in the control station by suitably designed electric transmitters at the control station to suitably designed receivers on the controlled object,means for simultaneously imparting to the receivers on the search lights, range finders, telescopes, etc. the concentration correction necessary for hitting the target, this concentration correction being automatically constructed during the movement of the said sighting device in the control station, means for imparting the same movement to the receivers on the guns and further, as an addition, to impart to them the necessary deliection angle from the control station, means for transmitting to the receivers of ran e finders and telescopes coupled to guns, this ast mentioned adjustment and for transmitting by means of a special receiver, the amount of the deiiection angle by itself, and means for rendering the vertical movements of the said sighting device in the control station and of all` controlled objects independent of their horizontal movements.

2. In a sgnallino` device for the electric remote control ant transmission of movements, a sighting device in a control station `for the remote control of guns, search lights, range finders, telescopic sights, or the ike, which are trained either by hand or by mechanical power, on a follovv the pointer principle,-means for transmitting the vertical movements of said sighting device by `electrical transmitters located in the control station and electrical receivers placed on the controlled objects direct upon the receivers of search lights, range finders, or telescopes, means for transmitting to the receivers on the guns the same vertical movements of the said sighting device in the control station and to impart to these receivers on the guns at the same time an additional movement corresponding to the ballistic inclination involved by the distance of the target prevailing at the time,-means for converting concurrently during this aforementioned operation the uniform alteration of the range into the ununiform alteration of the ballistic inclination,-in combination with means for transmittin the horizontal movements of the said sighting device in the control station by suitably designed electric transmitters at the controlstation to suitably designed receivers on the controlled objects,-means for simultaneously imparting to the receivers on the search lights, range finders, telescopes, etc. the concentration correction necessary for hitting the target, this concentration correction being automatically constructed during the movement of the said sighting device in the control station, means for imparting the same movement to the receivers on the guns and further, as an addition, to im vart to them he necessary deflection angle rom the control station, and means for rendering the vertical movements of the said sighting de- -vice in the control station and of all controlled obiects independent of their horizontal movements.

3. In a si nalling device for the electric remote contro and transmission of movements, a sighting device in a control station for the direct upon the receivers of the guns and to impart to these receivers at the same time an ad itional movement corres ending to the ballistic inclination involvediy the distance of the target prevailing for the time being, and means for herewith convertin concurrently Vthe uniform alteration of tie range into the ununiform alteration of the inclination, in combination with means for transmittingr the horizontal movements of the said sigiliting device bv suitable electric transmitters in the control station to correvs ending electric receivers on the controlled o jects, means for imparting simultaneously to the receivers on the guns the concentration correction necessary for hitting the target, this correction iavin been constructed automatically during t ie movement of the said sighting device in tliecontrol station, and further to impart from the control station as an addition, the deiiection angle necessary, and means for rendering the vertical movements of the said sighting device in the control station and of all controlled objects independent of their horizontal movements. s

4. In a signallin device for the electric remote control an transmission of movements, a sighting device in a control station for` the remote control of search lights, range finders, telescopic sights, or the lik which are trained either by hand or by mec anical, power, on a follow the pointer principle, means for transmitting the vertical movements ot the said sighting device by electrical transmitters located in the control station and electrical `receivers on the controlled objects direct upon the receivers of the search li hts, range finders, telescopic sights, or the `li e, in combination with means for transmitting the horizontal movements of the said sightinflr device by suitable electric transmittersin ie control station to corres onding electric receivers on the controlled o jects, means for imparting simultaneously to the receivers on the Search li hts, range finders, telescopic sights, or the lilie the concentration correction necessary for hittingthe target, this correction havingtbeen constructed automatically during the movement of the said sighting device in the control station, and means for rendering the vertical movements ofthe said si liting device in the control station and of all controlled objects independent of their horizontal movements.

5. In a signallin device for the electric remote control an transmission of movements, a sighting device in a control station for the remote control of search lights, range finders, telesco ic sights, etc. which are trained either hand or by mechanical power on a fol ow the pointer principle, means for transmitting the vertical movements of the said sighting device by electrical transmitters located in the control station and electrical receivers on the controlled objects direct upon the receivers of Search lights, range finders or telescopes, in combination with means for transmitting vthe horizontal movements of the said sighting device by corresponding electric transmitters at the control station to corresponding electric receivers on the controlled objects, means for imparting simultaneously to the receivers of the search lights, range finders, telescopes, etc., which are not coupled to guns, the concentration correction necessary for reaching their aim, this correction being constructed automatically during the movements of the said sighting device in the control station, means for transmitting this same movement to the receivers of the'search lights, range finders, telescopic sights, etc. coupled to guns, and, moreover, to impart in addition to these receivers from the control station the deflection angle necessary for the guns,-means for transmitting to the range finders and telescopes coupled to guns-by means of separate' receiver-the amount of the deflection angle alone,-and means for rendering the vertical movements of the said sighting device in the control station and of all controlled objects independent of their horizontal movements.

6. In an electrical system for the telecontrol of guns or the like a governor telescope, electrical transmitters connected thereto, means forhautomatically adding corrections to said transmitters, and two receivers for each transmitter on the object to be controlled, one of said receivers serving for the hand operation, the other for the motor operation of the object to be controlled.

7. In an electric signalling system for the telecontrol of guns or the likey a governor telescope, electrical transmitters connected thereto, means for automatically adding corrections to said transmitters, receivers on the object to be controlled connected to said transmitters, a device operated by hand for causin the movement of the object to be contro led and mechanically connected to following pointers cooperating with the pointers of telecontrolled receivers and a motor for moving the object to be controlled but disconnected therefrom, and means mechanically connected to said object for automatically opening the motors starting circuit when the object has reached the desired adjustment according to the data of the telecontrolled receivers.,

8. In an electric signalling system for the tele-transmission of movements, electrically remote controlled receivers in which the one of the two parts, which are movable relative to each other, carries a pointer and is inluenced from the electric transmitter, a hand trainin device, movin a following pointer agter the pointer o the receiver and, simultaneously according to the direction of the movement closing different circuits of a special contact device which circuits set the driving motor of the controlled object in motion, in combination with means operated mechanically from the driving motor of the controlled object and interrupt the said circuit of the said contact device by turning the one part of the said contact device moved by the said hand training device so as to follow after the other part of the said contact device.

9. In an alternating current signalling system for the tele-transmission of movements electrically remote controlled receivers in which the rotor of the receiver carries a pointer and is iniuenced by the electric transmitter, a hand training device, moving a following pointer after the pointer of the reiver and, simultaneously according to the. direction of the movement different circuits of a special contact device which circuits set the driving motor of the controlled object in motion, in combination with means operated mechanically from the driving motor of the controlled object and interrupt the said circuit of the said contact device by turning the one part of the said contact device by the said hand training device so as to follow after the other part of the said contact device.

10. In an alternating current signalling system for the tele-transmission of movements by means of transmitters and receivers with `coarse and fine adjustment in which the rotor. of the receiver carries a pointer and is influenced by the electric transmitter, a hand training device, moving a following pointer after the pointer of the receiver and, simultaneously according to the direction of the movement closing diferent circuits of a s ecial contact device which circuits set the riving motor of the controlled object in motion, in combination with means operated mechanically from the driving motor of the controlled object which means interrupt the said circuit of the said contact device by turning the one part of the said contact-device moved by the said hand training device so as to follow after the other part of the said contact device.

11. In an alternating current signallingsystem for the remote control and transmission of movements, transmitters the stators of which consist of homogenous bodies of high specific electric resistance, e. g. silite-carbon, the .brushes of the rotor` rubbing directly upon this resistance in combination with electrically remote 'controlled receivers, in

, which the rotor of the receiver carries a pointer and is influenced b the electric transmitter, a hand training evice, moving a following pointer after the pointer of the receiver and, simultaneously according to the direction of the movement closing diferent circuits of a special contact device which circuits set the driving motor of the con- 10 trolled object in motion, in combination with means operated mechanically from the driving motor of the controlled object which means interrupt the said circuit of the said contact device-by turning the one part of the said contact device moved by the said hand training device so as to :follow afterA the other part of the said contact device.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature.

PAUL KAMINSKI. 

